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Most of the time, when you visit a doctor or other health professional, they will take your blood pressure. Have you ever wondered why blood pressure measurements are so important? What does it mean if your blood pressure is high? What should you know about high blood pressure?

Blood pressure is the measure of the pressure or force of blood against your blood vessels which are called arteries. This force is created by the heart as it pumps blood into your arteries and through the circulatory system. Blood pressure numbers are usually written with the systolic number above the diastolic, such as 120/80 mmHg. The top number represents the pressure when your heart contracts and pushes blood out (systolic) and the bottom number is the lowest pressure when the heart relaxes between beats (diastolic). The mmHg is millimeters of mercury- the units used to measure blood pressure.

Blood pressure tends to go up and down, even in people who have normal blood pressure. So, if you have a high blood pressure reading it is important to have your blood pressure monitored closely (have your blood pressure taken two to three times daily for 1 week and record all readings). Consistent blood pressure readings over 140/90 mmHg are considered high, but if you have diabetes, 130/80 mmHg is high. Normal blood pressure readings are below 120/80 mmHg.

Being informed about high blood pressure is important. High blood pressure also known as hypertension, is referred to as the silent disease because there are no symptoms for months or years. However, high blood pressure is a serious condition that can lead to coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, kidney failure and other health problems. High blood pressure affects one in five Canadians, yet 42% of Canadians with high blood pressure are unaware they have it. Left untreated high blood pressure can damage blood vessel walls causing scarring and the build-up of plaque which eventually narrows and blocks arteries. It also makes the heart work extra hard leading to straining and weakening of the heart.

An Important fact about high blood pressure; it is the number one risk factor for stroke and a major risk factor for heart disease, therefore, it is very important that it is properly controlled.

Have your blood pressure checked regularly. If you are told that you have pre-high blood pressure or pre-hypertension, this means your blood pressure is in the range 120/80 – 139/89, and you are a high risk candidate for developing hypertension. It is crucial to make healthy lifestyle choices to reduce your risk. Inform yourself about high blood pressure and important choices to prevent developing hypertension.

The first steps to take are:

  • Eat a balanced diet
  • Be physically active
  • Quit smoking
  • Reduce your salt and alcohol intake.
  • If you are overweight, achieve and maintain a healthy weight which can dramatically reduce your chances of having a stroke or heart attack.

Learn more about high blood pressure treatment in my next article. This is particularly important if you are per-hypertensive and want non-medical healthier lifestyle choices to improve your blood pressure.

Are you experiencing some symptoms of Menopause? Have you discussed with your physician what treatments are available to you?  Were you given the option to use bioidentical hormones? Are you still asking questions?  Let’s unravel the puzzle together.  Read on to find out why biodientical hormones may be right for you.

What are Bioidentical Hormones?

Hormones are chemical messengers that are delivered to the body tissues through the blood. They affect many different processes (growth and development, metabolism, sexual function, reproduction, mood…).  “Bioidentical hormones” refers to substances that have the exact same chemical structure as the endogenous hormones in our bodies: estradiol, estrone, estriol, progesterone and testosterone. These bioidentical hormones are made from botanical plants such as soy and yams. Our bodies cannot convert the plant hormones into human hormones, so the plant hormones are pharmaceutically processed to match our endogenous hormones.

Bioidentical or Synthetic Hormones?

Much confusion exists for both women and health professionals over the latest buzzwords “bioidentical or synthetic” hormone therapy.  The word bioidentical is often equated to being natural while in contrast synthetic is equated to being man-made. Synthetic hormones indicate hormones created in a laboratory that do not chemically match the hormones made by our bodies.  Bioidentical hormones match our hormones precisely. Both bioidentical and synthetic hormones are created in pharmaceutical laboratories using chemical means. Also, both bioidentical and synthetic hormones come from natural sources (yams, soy…), and then are manipulated in the laboratory to create either identical or synthetic hormones.

Why use Bioidentical Hormones?

Since these have identical molecular structure to our endogenous hormones their effects are more consistent with our own hormones. According to some studies women respond more quickly to bioidentical hormones while finding relief from hot flashes, insomnia and vaginal dryness within a few days of commencing use.  Also, these are not mass produced, they are compounded in pharmacies so they can be tailored to your specific needs.  Synthetic hormones in order to be patented, were created to be different from human hormones. This causes them to interact differently with hormone receptors allowing for a greater chance of undesirable side effects.

Where Are They Available?

Bioidentical hormones are available by prescription, at any compounding pharmacy. The compounding pharmacist individualizes drug therapy at the request of the physician or patient. Usually these hormones are compounded into creams to be applied on the skin (transdermal) or vaginally (transmucomal). They can also be made into oral lozenges, but these require higher doses of hormones since they must pass through the liver and be metabolized which can lead to unwanted side effects.

Insect stings can come from bees, wasps, hornets and fire ants.  All of these insects have stingers that inject venom into their unfortunate victims. An insect sting typically causes an intense, burning pain which is quickly followed by a patch of redness and a small area of swelling (up to 1 cm) around the sting. Insect stings usually ease and go away after a few hours. 

If you have an allergic reaction to the venom from the insect sting this reaction may be much worse. In a local allergic reaction the swelling at the site of the sting is usually greater than five inches but may cover the entire arm or leg. This swelling from insect stings isn’t immediate nor is it dangerous; it develops over a 12-24 hour period.  Taking an oral antihistamine after being stung will decrease the severity of the symptoms.

Generalized reactions to insect stings involve the whole body. The venom may cause your immune system to react more violently. Symptoms may include hives, wheezing, difficulty in breathing, dizziness and nausea after which shock and unconsciousness may occur. A generalized reaction will develop within 10 minutes of a sting and may be life threatening. These severe generalized allergic reactions are called anaphylaxis and are a medical emergency. If you suffer from generalized reactions to insect stings make sure you carry an adrenalin pen at all times.

Tips to prevent getting stung:

  • Stay Calm: If a wasp, bee or any other stinging insect flies near you stay calm. Do not flap, wave or swat at it. Getting agitated may incite the insect to sting.
  • Avoid bright clothes as bright flowery clothing attracts insects. To prevent insect stings stick to pale smooth fabrics and avoid bright jewellry when you plan to spend time outdoors.
  • Avoid all fragrances such as perfumes, colognes, scented creams and soaps as they will attract insects.
  • Avoid walking barefoot: Bare feet are vulnerable to insect stings since bees and wasps love to hover in the flowers within the grass.
  • Cover your food: The smell from your food attracts insects.  Always cover your drinks and don’t drink from a can if it is left exposed. Insect stings on the tongue or throat are not only very painful but may be dangerous as well. 
  • Take vitamin B before going outdoors: insects are repelled by the scent of vitamin B, garlic or onions.