Archive for September, 2009

29
Sep

Adolescent Alcohol Abuse: A Critical Problem

   Posted by: author1    in Kids and Teens

Recent alcohol abuse statistics demonstrate the fact that alcohol abuse among teens is increasing in the United States. What are some of the reasons for this? Numerous chemical dependency specialists articulate that liquor, beer, and wine advertisements generated by the media are an essential reason for the spread of teen alcohol abuse.

Other alcohol dependency experts affirm that the increase in youth alcohol abuse is due to the acceptability and ease of access of alcohol in our society.

Still other alcohol dependency specialists think that numerous teens engage in hazardous drinking because of the increased apprehension that they go through.

From a slightly different vantage point, because both parents in many families are employed, the lack of parental supervision indubitably has to play a key role in the spread of adolescent alcohol abuse. And last but not least, various alcoholism professionals think that the proliferation of teen alcohol abuse is due, in some way, to our lax society.

Alcohol Abuse and Coping Skills

One element of adolescent alcohol abuse that looks like it is poorly reported in the chemical dependency research findings, to the contrary, is the lack of educational programs that teach adolescents how to further develop their coping skills so that their dangerous drinking behavior is substantially lessened or exterminated.

Stated more precisely, science has revealed that there is an indirect correlation between poor coping skills and abusive drinking. In actual fact, this means that the poorer the coping skills, the higher the rate of alcohol abuse. To the degree that this is a correct line of reasoning, why isn’t coping skills instruction a significant part of the educational core curriculum in all of our high schools, junior high schools, and elementary schools?

A Society That Accentuates Teenage Coping Skills

Let us construct a scenario for the purpose of explanation. Let us imagine a society in which all individuals are taught how to achieve outstanding coping skills all the way from kindergarten up to and including their final year in high school.

In such a society, when life gets demanding, people who are “coping skills masters” will be able to respond in a more healthy and more rewarding way, contrary to others who are unsuccessful in their attempts to put their coping skills into action.

More precisely, students who display superior coping skills will be more able to think clearly and engage in superior decision making as opposed to teenagers who, because they were unsuccessful in their attempts to develop top quality coping skills, are drawn to the “quick fix” of abusive drinking.

What would happen in the above “ideal” society, moreover, if students not only got exclusive coping skills education but also got an outstanding education that focused on the short term and long term destructive costs associated with drug abuse and alcohol abuse? Emphasizing these drug and alcohol abuse facts, along with more highly developed coping skills training, it is pronounced, would help teenagers stay away from the obvious attraction with underage drinking and, for that reason, would notably lessen the alcohol abuse shown by adolescents in our country.

Adolescent Hazardous Drinking: Conclusion

There are evidently many well thought-out reasons why so many of our adolescents drink in a risky manner. Such a tricky subject matter demands a thorough and relevant educational and preventative response by our politicians, parents, educators, and students so that our teenagers can learn how to cope with life’s difficulties in a more rewarding and accountable way rather than gravitating to harmful drinking behavior to solve their problems.

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29
Sep

Bodybuilding Diet Mistakes

   Posted by: author1    in Build Muscle

We will discuss some common mistakes in bodybuilding concerning diet. We will discuss what to do about these mistakes.

Not giving one diet enough time – Don’t expect to change your diet and then make great gains in a matter of a week. It can take 3 weeks for your body to get used to your new diet. Think of your diet as helping your bodybuilding workouts, not a means to an end in itself. Meaning, if you have a perfect diet, that alone won’t do it. The laws of muscle building still apply. You will have to lift weight and recover before your muscles will grow. And this takes time. So don’t keep changing your diet because you are not getting quick results.

Not counting calories – This applies most to those competing in bodybuilding. If this is your job or you just want to be the best you can be when competing, then you must track everything. This includes tracking your food intake. Carbs, fats and proteins. You might not be meeting your bodybuilding goals because you are not eating the right amount of carbs, fat or protein.

Relying on supplements too much – Supplements are just that. They supplement your diet and it is your training, diet and with rest, which will give you your success for packing on muscle.

Inconsistent eating – You need to be consistent in how often and how much you eat. Stick to your plan and don’t alter it. Missing meals is going to hurt your goal of muscle growth. You made the plan for a reason, now stick with it.

Judging success by your Scale – If you are trying to trim down your fat, don’t just rely on the scale. Scales are deceiving as you can lose muscle and think you are on the right track or gain muscle mass and think you did not lose fat.

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9
Sep

HIV

   Posted by: author1    in Diseases

Because there is no vaccine for HIV, the only way people can prevent infection with the virus is to avoid behaviors putting them at risk of infection, such as sharing needles and having unprotected sex.

Many people infected with HIV (AIDS) have no symptoms. Therefore, there is no way of knowing with certainty whether a sexual partner is infected unless he or she has repeatedly tested negative for the virus and has not engaged in any risky behavior.

Abstaining from having sex or using male latex condoms or female polyurethane condoms may offer partial protection, during oral, anal, or vaginal sex. Only water based lubricants can be used when using a condom.

Even though there is some evidence to show spermicides can destroy HIV, it is not proven as a prevention system.

Recently, NIAID-supported two studies that found adult male medical circumcision reduces a man’s risk of acquiring HIV infection by approximately 50 percent. The studies only pertain to heterosexual forms of transmission. As with other prevention strategies, male circumcision is not completely effective at preventing the transmission of HIV. Circumcision will be more effective if it is a part of a more complete prevention strategy that includes condoms.

Vaccines help the body’s immune system to recognize a harmful organism and kill it when the body sees the real thing. Despite extraordinary advances in understanding both HIV and the human immune system, a fully successful HIV vaccine continues to elude researchers. This is why we primarily reley on HIV medications like Kaletra (Lopinavir, Ritonavir), and Combivir.

HIV attacks CD4+ T cells, the most important part of the immune system that coordinates and directs the activities of other types of immune cells that combat intruding microbes. In order for a vaccine to be effective it would need to be able to activate these cells- a hard feat if they are being infected and destroyed by the HIV virus.Scientists have not identified the correlates of immunity, or protection, for HIV and are still trying to design vaccines to induce the appropriate immune responses necessary for protection.

Unlike other viral diseases for which investigators have made successful vaccines, there are no documented cases of complete recovery from HIV infection. So, HIV vaccine research has no actual human model of recovery from an infection and subsequent protection from re-infection to help it. HIV will continually mutate in an infected person while it recombinds to evolve into brand new strains. This extensive diversity of HIV poses a challenge to vaccine design as an HIV vaccine would need to protect against many different strains of the virus circulating throughout the world. Vaccines in the past have only had to fight off a small number of strains, even one.

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